Health experts are recommending new screening methods for cervical cancer in women between the ages of 30 and 65, according to a new draft recommendation from the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force.
According to the task force, the latest guidelines look to offer more tailored screening options for women of various ages. For women aged 21 to 29, the task force recommends women continue to undergo a Pap test every three years, as usual.
The newest recommendation is for women aged 30 to 65 who are advised to take an HPV test every five years as their primary screening method, alongside a Pap test. They said women in this age group have two options: a Pap test every three years or a combined HPV and Pap test (co-testing) every five years. This includes the option to screen at home with a swab—for the HPV test—which may increase overall screening for the disease.
Such recommendations received an A grade from the task force, meaning experts are certain they are best suited for detecting the disease.
The latest information also includes recommendations against screening for women younger than 21 and those older than 65 who have had regular screenings with normal results, or women of any age who have undergone a total hysterectomy. This is because these age groups are least likely to develop the disease.
Dr. John Wong, the task force vice chair, emphasized the new guidelines in a statement in the draft document.
According to Wong, “The latest science shows that screening for cervical cancer with an HPV test is the optimal approach for women who are 30 to 65 years old,” adding that while HPV testing is preferred for this age group, Pap tests remain the best option for women in their 20s.
The task force chair, Dr. Wanda Nicholson, said regular testing is key.
“Most cases of cervical cancer are in women who have not been regularly screened or appropriately treated after an abnormal test result,” she said.
Introduction of Self-Collected HPV Tests
For the first time, the health agency has included self-collected HPV tests in its recommendations. According to the task force, women can now use a swab to collect their own HPV samples, with studies showing that such tests are just as effective as those taken at clinics.
Dr. Esa Davis, a task force member, stated, “Women who would be more comfortable collecting their HPV test sample themselves can now do so,” explaining that at-home screening could allow for more regular overall screenings for women, removing barriers to those unable to make doctor visits.
The task force said the latest data has also shown cervical cancer screening has led to a sharp decline in the number of deaths from the disease in the United States. They said the HPV vaccine, which can significantly lower the risk of cervical cancer, can be used together with screening for the best protection against the disease.
The recommendations apply to women, men who have undergone transgender surgery, and people who identify as nonbinary, the agency notes. They said the proposal does not, however, apply to those at increased risk of cervical cancer, including women with HIV, compromised immune systems, or a history of precancerous lesions or cervical cancer.
The task force’s draft recommendation statement and evidence review are now available for public comment until Jan. 13, 2025.